Back in the Eighteenth Century, they had a little thing going on called the Age of Enlightenment. They also had an abject political fear of “factionalism” - people generally bemoaned the development of a professional political class and its divisions into factions. This was seen as a bad thing because people chose their factions, and then stopped thinking: they simply started taking positions on everything according to their faction, rather than according to what they might actually think.
Fast forward 250 years or so, and what do we find? Well, factionalism is now so prevalent that it’s the common mode of political and, to a lesser extent, cultural debate. Which is why the whole Iraq-terrorism debate has been so corrosive, particularly on the left. Lots of left-wingers, including myself, have found themselves having to ask difficult questions of their beliefs, and come up with difficult answers. And we’ve also found ourselves accused, by such class-A thinkers and commentators as Peter Wilby and George Monbiot, of some kind of tribal betrayal.
But you’ve got to be careful. I have found, for instance, normblog an interesting corrective to what I would class as my former way of thinking. He’s been clear and articulate and learned. But even he’s now falling into factionalism, this time of a pro-war kind. He criticises Jason Burke of the Observer for having supported the original invasion (for reasons which read like a personal manifesto to me) but for then saying the war had increased the likelihood of terrorist attack:
But I’d say there was at least a certain tension between the earlier piece and this passage - which has a critical, if not accusatory, ring, and is unaccompanied by any explanation that, since the war was right, the increased terrorist threat said to be the result of it (and which Burke himself anticipated) is one that must be ‘countered’, just like the misguided views - and the apologias for them - that fuel it.
Not true, of course. You can perfectly well hold the view that the war was, on balance, the right thing to do, while acknowledging it increased Britain’s vulnerability to attack. I hold that view myself. It doesn’t excuse or even explain the attacks (which were also fed by religious insanity, a lack of education and pure evil). But it’s still true. normblog falls into the trap of attacking a point of view that he even suspects might be factionally incorrect.
All of which is as nothing to George Monbiot’s latest comedy piece, this time on patriotism and why it is a *bad thing*. He begins his piece thusly:
Out of the bombings a national consensus has emerged: what we need in Britain is a renewed sense of patriotism. The rightwing papers have been making their usual noises about old maids and warm beer, but in the past 10 days they’ve been joined by Jonathan Freedland in the Guardian, Tristram Hunt in the New Statesman, the New Statesman itself and just about everyone who has opened his mouth on the subject of terrorism and national identity. Emboldened by this consensus, the Sun now insists that anyone who isn’t loyal to this country should leave it. The way things are going, it can’t be long before I’m deported.
Classic Monbiot. Set up a position that doesn’t exist (in this case, a national consensus for patriotism) and then demolish it. This reminds me of watching an England football match with a woman I used to know, who to our surprise was supporting the opposition. When asked why, she said “oh, I never support England in anything.” Right on, sister. That’s a really challenging, thought-provoking and incisive point of view. And as an example of factionalism it really can’t be beaten.